When we simulate the hydration process of Portland cement, it is of significant importance to know the hydration mechanisms. Basically, there are two mechanisms for the hydration of Portland cement, viz. Topochemical and Through-Solution Reaction.
1 Topochemical Reaction Concept
Construction industry, the only industry still does things manually.
Even in the 21st century, to build a house right now is still a slow, labour-intensive, dangerous process, and almost always over-budget. Unlike the motoring or technology industries which use automated production methods to complete routine construction tasks, housing construction is one of the only industry that still does things manually till now, as said by Professor Khoshnevis from USC.
How is GGBS used?
GGBS (Ground Granulated Blastfurnace Slag) is used all over the world as a direct replacement for Portland cement. It is added to the concrete mixer along with ordinary cement, aggregates and water.
Among the conferences taking place every year on cement science, International Congress of Cement Chemistry (ICCC) is almost the most important one. The conference takes place every four years. The latest one is the 13th ICCC hosted in Madrid Spain in 2011 and the next one 14th ICCC will be hosted in Beijing in 2015. During the 13th ICCC, there were more than 900 participants from over 60 countries all over the world, received more than 400 papers on cement science, which cover 9 subjects:
Better performance of slag concrete exposing to high temperatures
Concrete made with GGBS cement is much better than concrete made with 100% OPC at maintaining its compressive strength when exposed to high temperatures.